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Article: Mount Śatruñjaya
Contributed by Nalini Balbir
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- Views of Shatrunjaya temples
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Collection of photographs of the temple-city of Mount Shatrunjaya. The pre-eminent Śvetāmbara pilgrimage site, Shatrunjaya has nearly a thousand temples. The main temple is dedicated to Ṛṣabha, the first Jina, often called Ādinātha or First Lord. These photographs are presented by Professor Frances W. Pritchett of Columbia University in New York.
- Doli-wallahs and passenger
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A pilgrim is carried in a ḍolī up the steps of Mount Shatrunjaya. Most pilgrims and tourists go up the 4000 steps of the steep path on foot but those who cannot walk so far can take a kind of palanquin – ḍolī. Commonly called 'doli-wallahs', two men carry a bamboo pole between them with a seat suspended from the pole.
This picture is in a photo-gallery on the commercial website of Indian Panorama.
http://www.indianpanorama.in/gallery/palitana_gujarat/pages/Shatrunjaya08_jpg.htm
- Resting place on Mount Shatrunjaya
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One of the seven stopping-places or shelters for pilgrims to rest on their way up Mount Shatrunjaya. This was built in 2006 by a Jain businessman in the name of his wife. The hundreds of temples that make up the temple-city are chiefly on the two peaks and are reached by climbing a steep path with some 4000 steps.
This picture is in a photo-gallery on the commercial website of Indian Panorama.
http://www.indianpanorama.in/gallery/palitana_gujarat/pages/Shatrunjaya06_jpg.htm
- James Tod biography
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An officer in the British East India Company, James Tod (1782–1835) published extensive accounts of the history and geography of India, including details of his travels in Gujarat and Rajasthan between 1819 and 1823. This entry from volume 56 of the Dictionary of National Biography (1885–1900) appears in Wikisource.
- Historical images of Mount Shatrunjaya
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Look through historical photographs and drawings of the Svetāmbara temple-city of Mount Shatrunjaya in the JAINpedia image gallery, chosen from the online collection of the British Library.
- Henry Cousens - photographing India
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The Digital South Asia Library at the University of Chicago provides detailed information about some of the trips made from 1889 to 1895 by Henry Cousens (1854–1933) in British India. Accompanied by other members of the Archaeological Survey Department and Indian assistants, Cousens took photographs for survey purposes.
- Burgess's photographs of Shatrunjaya
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Look through photographs of Mount Shatrunjaya first published in The Temples of Shatrunjaya in 1879 by James Burgess, director-general of the Archaeological Survey of India. This book remains the standard publication on this major pilgrimage centre, thanks to its thorough documenting of the site. This JAINpedia image gallery has been chosen from the online collection of the British Library.
- Archaeological Survey of India - history
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The Archaeological Survey of India was set up in 1784 by Sir William Jones in Calcutta. It began publishing the Asiatick Researches journal in 1788, which publicised the results of surveys of historical sites and monuments in India.
- Shatrunjaya paṭa
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An example of a Shatrunjaya paṭa – decorative map of a holy site – made in Gujarat in 1801. Available online via the Antwerp City Museums Image Bank, the image can be examined in magnified detail. The paṭa is in the Museum Aan de Stroom (MAS) in Antwerp, Belgium, which has absorbed the collections of the Etnografisch Museum, among those of other city museums. The description is in Flemish only although most of the website text can also be read in English and French.
- Hathipol Gate at Mount Shatrunjaya
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A photograph of one of the statues of an elephant on either side of the Hathipol Gate – ‘Elephant Gate’ – at the entrance to the main Adishvar Temple. Dedicated to the first Jina, Ṛṣabha, this temple is at the heart of the pre-eminent Śvetāmbara Mūrti-pūjaka pilgrimage centre, Mount Shatrunjaya in Gujarat.
This 2009 photo is found on Panoramio.com
- Adinath procession at Shatrunjaya – part 1
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This short YouTube video from 2011 captures part of a procession in the temple-city of Mount Shatrunjaya, in Gujarat. Chanting ‘Adinath’, the devotees are probably on their way to the main Adishvar temple, which is dedicated to Ṛṣabha. The first Jina, he is also known as Ādinātha or First Lord.
This is the first of four brief videos of the procession. You can watch the next part.
- Adinath procession at Shatrunjaya – part 2
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This short YouTube video from 2011 captures a procession in the temple-city of Mount Shatrunjaya, in Gujarat. Chanting ‘Adinath’, the devotees are probably on their way to the main Adishvar temple, which is dedicated to Ṛṣabha. The first Jina, he is also known as Ādinātha or First Lord.
This is the second of four brief videos of the procession. You can watch the next part.
- Adinath procession at Shatrunjaya – part 3
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This short YouTube video from 2011 captures part of a procession in the temple-city of Mount Shatrunjaya, in Gujarat. Chanting ‘Adinath’, the devotees are probably on their way to the main Adishvar temple, which is dedicated to Ṛṣabha. The first Jina, he is also known as Ādinātha or First Lord.
This is the third of four brief videos of the procession. You can watch the final part.
- Adinath procession at Shatrunjaya – part 4
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This short YouTube video from 2011 captures part of a procession in the temple-city of Mount Shatrunjaya, in Gujarat. Chanting ‘Adinath’, the devotees are probably on their way to the main Adishvar temple, which is dedicated to Ṛṣabha. The first Jina, he is also known as Ādinātha or First Lord.
This is the last of four brief videos of the procession. You can watch the first part.
- Sheth Moti Shah enclosure
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A view of the Sheth Moti Shah enclosure in the Shatrunjaya temple-city. Completed in 1836, the main temple in the Sheth Moti Shah enclosure – tunk in Gujarati – is dedicated to Ṛṣabha, the first Jina.
This picture is in a photo-gallery on the commercial website of Indian Panorama.
http://www.indianpanorama.in/gallery/palitana_gujarat/pages/Shatrunjaya11_jpg.htm
- Seven Wonders of India – Palitana Temples
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The Svetāmbara pilgrimage centre at Mount Shatrunjaya is showcased in this NDTV video on YouTube. Jain pilgrims are shown climbing the steep hill – some carried in a kind of palanquin called a ḍolī – and worshipping in some of the hundreds of temples on the twin hills. The presenter gives a brief outline of the Jain faith and mentions the navanū – ‘99fold’ – pilgrimage, which is one of the hardest and most demanding ones.
Beginning in 2008, the New Delhi Television show Seven Wonders of India asked viewers to vote for their favourite seven sites in the country over a year. Part of a publicity campaign organised by the Ministry of Tourism, the show's presenters visited many sites considered potential winners.
- Shatrunjaya slideshow
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This photo slideshow highlights views of the temple-city of Mount Shatrunjaya in Gujarat. Probably the most popular shrine for Śvetāmbara Mūrti-pūjaka Jains, the temples draw hundreds of thousands of pilgrims and visitors each year. The Gujarat Tourism website provides information in several languages about this site, among others.
- Symbols and idols in Shatrunjaya temples
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This slideshow features photos of idols, auspicious symbols and scenes from the Śvetāmbara pilgrimage site of Mount Shatrunjaya. Taken in 2009, these photos are on the HubPage of Jyoti Kothari.
- Kattiawar from the road up to Pallitana, Western India
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This painting, called Kattiawar from the road up to Pallitana, Western India, is one of the views produced by English artist Marianne North, who travelled in India in 1877 to 1878. It forms part of the Marianne North Online Gallery at the Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew in the United Kingdom.
- A Śvetāmbara nun descends from Shatrunjaya
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A nun from a Śvetāmbara Mūrtipūjaka mendicant order runs barefoot down the steps leading down from Mount Shatrunjaya. This temple-city in Gujarat is one of the most significant Śvetāmbara Mūrtipūjaka pilgrimage sites. The steep path from the foot to the summit, where the principal shrines are found, has around 4000 steps.
- Samavasaran Temple
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A recent building, the Samavasaran Temple is in the town of Palitana at the foot of Mount Shatrunjaya, one of the most important pilgrimage sites for Śvetāmbara Mūrti-pūjaka Jains. Built as a stepped circle, the temple recreates the samavasaraṇa or universal gathering. When a Jina reaches omniscience, he sits in the centre of a samavasaraṇa the gods have built for him so all living beings can hear him preach.
This 2009 photo is found on Panoramio.com
- Samavasaran Temple at Shatrunjaya
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View of the Samavasaran Temple at the bottom of Mount Shatrunjaya in Gujarat. The buildings to the right are mostly rest-houses for pilgrims – dharma-śālās – in the small town of Palitana. No one is allowed to stay overnight in the temple-city of Shatrunjaya at the top of the hill, so pilgrims and tourists must stay in Palitana. This picture is in a photo-gallery on the commercial website of Indian Panorama.
http://www.indianpanorama.in/gallery/palitana_gujarat/pages/Shatrunjaya03_jpg.htm
- Paṭa of Mount Shatrunjaya
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A 19th-century Rajasthani example of a paṭa – decorative map of a holy site – of the pilgrimage centre of Mount Shatrunjaya. Owned by the Philadelphia Museum of Art in the United States, the paṭa can be enlarged by clicking on the icon of the magnifying glass. A paṭa can be used to complete a mental pilgrimage to the place depicted, which is believed to be of even more religious value than making the physical journey.
http://www.philamuseum.org/collections/permanent/68189.html?mulR=31553|11
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